Western Invitational Tournament V Caltech Tossups by Maribeth Swiatek (with *starred contributions by Richard Mason) Category: Art, Architecture --------------------------- Tossup: 1. Inspired by and named for a notorious place of prostitution, this 1907 painting was not exhibited until the 1937 Paris Exposition and acquired by the Museum of Modern Art in NY two years later. A still life of fruit lies in the foreground of a blue-walled room with a red curtain at the left, showcasing five angular nudes with staring, black-rimmed eyes and distorted faces. For ten points, name this Picasso work, considered the first Cubist masterpiece. Answer: _LES DEMOISELLES D'AVIGNON_ Category: World History before 1000 AD -------------------------------------- *Tossup: 2. The beautiful and virtuous wife of Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, she was raped by Sextus Tarquinius, son of the tyrannical Etruscan king of Rome. She made her father and husband promise vengeance against the Tarquins, and stabbed herself to death. Lucius Junus Brutus then led a rebellion which drove the Tarquins from Rome. For ten points, identify this woman whose story is told in a poem by Shakespeare. Answer: _LUCRETIA_ or _LUCRECE_ Category: Physics/Astronomy --------------------------- Tossup: 3. An experiment, which used a cobalt-60 beta source 65% polarized by adiabatic demagnetization, was designed by Chien Shiung Wu to disprove this theory, which mandated that the tau and theta particles be classified differently. Despite her original idea, however, she did not share the 1957 Nobel Prize along with her two colleagues at Brookhaven. For ten points, name this law disproved by Wu and coworkers Yang and Lee which states that nature has no bias toward right or left handed systems. Answer: _PARITY CONSERVATION_ (acc. _PARITY VIOLATION_ before 'disproved') Category: Popular Culture/General Knowledge ------------------------------------------- Tossup: 4. Perhaps appropriately, these three girls share their name with a popular mail-order vendor of breast forms and padded rear enhancers. One was a showgirl with yellow feathers in her hair who did the merengue at the Copacabana, another apparently didn't have the brains and talent to get whatever she wanted from Joe Hardy, and when a third one asked a guy to dance in a club in North Soho, he couldn't understand why she walked like a woman but talked like a man. For ten points, give the common name. Answer: _LOLA_ Category: Geology/Physical Geography/Environment/Meteorology ------------------------------------------------------------ Tossup: 5. Known locally as "The Smoke that Thunders," the waters empty into a chasm called the Boiling Pot, creating a miniature rain forest from the constant mist. The lower end is spanned by a bridge from a national park on the Zambia side to the small hydroelectric power station on the Zimbabwe side. For ten points, name this 122 meter high and one mile wide phenomenon on the Zambezi river, which Livingstone named after the Queen of England in 1855. Answer: _VICTORIA FALLS_ Category: North American History 1000 AD - 1950 ----------------------------------------------- Tossup: 6. The first national political party to adopt a woman's suffrage plank, it also demanded revision of the political nominating process, control of big business and radical tax reform. This dissident group of Republicans used their 'New Nationalism' to get 25% of the popular vote in the 1912 presidential election, splitting the Republicans and ensuring the election of Democrat Woodrow Wilson. For ten points, name this faction whose popular name evoked the characteristics of strength and vigor Theodore Roosevelt, used to describe himself. Answer: _BULL MOOSE_ Party (prompt on _PROGRESSIVE_ Party) Category: Literature in the English Language -------------------------------------------- Tossup: 7. If you see dear Mrs. Equitone, you're supposed to tell her that this wisest woman in Europe, despite having a bad cold, brings the horoscope herself, for 'one must be so careful these days.' She's forbidden to see what the one-eyed merchant carries on his back, but does foretell crowds of people walking around in a ring and warns of the possibility of death by water. For ten points, name this famous clairvoyante, who appears in T.S. Eliot's 'The Wasteland'. Answer: _MADAME SOSOSTRIS_ (prompt on The _WASTE LAND_ before 'this') Category: African/Asian/etc. History 1000 AD - 1950 --------------------------------------------------- *Tossup: 8. Their creation is traditionally attributed to the Buddhist priest Kukai, who had studied Sanskrit. In 905, the poet Ki Tsurayuki compiled the Kokinshu, the first major work to employ them. They were used primarily in literature by or for women, who were not allowed to learn Chinese characters. For ten points, identify these "women's letters" which are now the more important of the two phonetic alphabets in Japanese. Answer: _HIRAGANA_ or _ONNADE_ (prompt on "kana" on an interrupt) Category: Religion/Mythology ---------------------------- *Tossup: 9. She was the originator of the Carmelite Reformation, which restored austerity to the Carmelite order. In 1622 she was canonized, and in 1970 Pope Paul VI made her the first woman doctor of the church. She had a mystical experience in which an angel pierced her heart with a fiery arrow. For ten points, name this woman, the subject of works by both Joan Osborne and Gian Lorenzo Bernini. Answer: Saint _TERESA_ of Avila Category: Biology ----------------- Tossup: 10. Its action may be blocked by similarly-acting pollutants found in PCBs and pesticides, which bind to its receptors in cells, causing reproductive disorders. Its presence promotes the enzyme which forms the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which may lead to benefits for Alzheimer's patients, and it may also slow osteoporosis and artery deterioration. For ten points, name this class of steroid hormones which slows the effects of menopause and prevents women from inflicting their premenstrual angst on men. Answer: _ESTROGEN_(s) Category: Music --------------- Tossup: 11. Her name is Marenka, and she's in love with the suave, good-looking Jenik, who, happily, loves her back. Unfortunately, her parents want her to marry the dorky, stuttering Vasek. Micha and Hata, Vasek's parents, are desperate to unload their dimwitted son on the prettiest girl in the village, but the studly Jenik, Micha's son from a previous marriage, brilliantly outwits the marriage broker Kecal and gets the girl. For ten points, this is the plot of what 1866 comic opera by Bedrich Smetana? Answer: The _BARTERED BRIDE_ Category: European History 1000 AD - 1950 ----------------------------------------- Tossup: 12. She fought for the rights of noblewomen, founding at Fontevrault Abbey the first known shelter for battered wives. She also championed courtly love, holding mock trials of unruly knights in which they read poems of homage to women and acted out proper courting techniques before the judgment of her ladies-in-waiting. Louis VII divorced her because she bore him a daughter, but she managed to produce four sons for his rival, three of which became kings of England. For ten points, name this ruler of the largest kingdom in France, the wife of Henry Plantagenet. Answer: _ELEANOR OF AQUITAINE_ Category: Chemistry ------------------- Tossup: 13. Chemist Ernest Breaux, working in his lab in Grasse, discovered that his mixture of aldehydes and coal tar somehow smelled like jasmine. After four tries at mixing the 128 necessary ingredients in just the right proportions, the resulting product was marketed in a plain grey box with a black and white label bearing the name of the woman who discovered Breaux and his idea in the first place. For ten points, name this substance which sells for $240 an ounce, introduced on May 5, 1921 by an avante-garde French fashion designer. Answer: _CHANEL NO. 5_ Category: American Literature ----------------------------- Tossup: 14. It contains 'Several Poems, compiled with great variety of Wit and Learning, full of delight, Wherein especially is contained a complete discourse and description of the Four Elements, Constitutions, Ages of Man, Seasons of the Year. Together with an Exact Epitome of the Four Monarchies viz. The Assyrian, Persian, Grecian, Roman, Also a Dialogue between Old England and New, concerning the late troubles, With divers other pleasant and serious Poems.' The author's brother-in-law, John Woodbridge, was responsible for this pretentious subtitle as well as the publication of the work in 1650 in London. For ten points, name this book dedicated to Thomas Dudley, the father of author Anne Bradstreet. Answer: The _TENTH MUSE LATELY SPRUNG UP IN AMERICA_ Category: Mathematics/Computer Science --------------------------------------- Tossup: 15. If you take a function f(x) and iterate it, sometimes you'll get a small value and sometimes an arbitrarily large one. The set of numbers is thus partitioned into two parts, and this set is the boundary between them. Linear functions aren't very interesting, but higher-order polynomials. exponentials and trigonometric functions make some very pretty pictures. For ten points, name this set of numbers which isn't named after a woman but after a twentieth century mathematician. Answer: _JULIA SET_ Category: Film/Stage -------------------- Tossup: 16. She married into the Singer sewing machine fortune in 1909, although while unmarried she'd already caused a sensation in New York by performing pregnant in flowing, revealing Greek robes. When her children drowned in a car that rolled into the Seine, she left Singer and eventually married the poet Sergei Esenin, who left her after she bared her breasts and called them graceful art. For ten points, name this controversial performer who seduced a sports car driver minutes before catching her red silk scarf on the rear wheel and strangling herself in 1927. Answer: Isadora _DUNCAN_ Category: Geography/Demographics -------------------------------- Tossup: 17. In 1878, forty-two years after its founding by Colonel William Light, Fort Glanville was constructed in this city in response to widespread fear of Russian invasion. Situated on a flat corridor of land between Gulf St. Vincent and the Mount Lofty Ranges, it lies on the Torrens River which provides irrigation for its many wineries. For ten points, identify this city named for the consort of King William IV, the capital of South Australia. Answer: _ADELAIDE_ Category: Government/Political Science/Current History ------------------------------------------------------ Tossup: 18. 100% of the prostitutes in Zimbabwe like it, as do 95% of their clients, according to a Stanford study. Most men in Thailand don't like it because of the squeaking noises, although supposedly they should, because 'Drew Barrymore does', according to the manufacturer. For ten points, name this polyurethane device marketed in the US under the brand name Reality. Answer: the _FEMALE CONDOM_ (acc. _REALITY_ or _FEMIDOM_ on interrupt) (do not accept or prompt on "condom" since we must assume a male condom is intended) Category: Philosophy -------------------- Tossup: 19. Julie and St.-Preux fall in love, but, because of class differences, Baron D'Etange has her marry Wolmar. Six years later, St.-Preux becomes the tutor to the Wolmar children, and the group's happy coexistence illustrates the author's belief that, while men should rule the world in public life, women should rule men in private life. For ten points, name this 1761 philosophical novel by Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Answer: Julie: ou, _LA NOUVELLE HELOISE_ or Julie: or _THE NEW ELOISE_ Category: Psychology/Linguistics/Cognition ------------------------------------------ *Tossup: 20. Sigmund Freud described it as "the great question... which I have not been able to answer, despite my thirty years of research." In Chaucer's Wife of Bath's Tale, a knight has only one year and one day to answer this riddle, or else lose his life. For ten points, what seemingly insoluble enigma has been pondered by great men since antiquity? Answer: _"WHAT DOES A WOMAN WANT?"_ (accept close equivalents) Category: Sociology/Archaeology/Anthropology/etc. ------------------------------------------------- Tossup: 21. Although they could walk on two legs, they preferred tree climbing so they could avoid vicious hungry predators and obtain their fruit-based diet. Thirteen individuals, including a 20-year-old woman, were found at Hadar site 333, which supports a belief that they lived in small social groups based on kinship. For ten points, name this species who lived 3.7 to 2.8 million years ago and whose most famous member, discovered in Ethiopia by Taieb and Johanson in 1974, was named after a really cool Beatles song. Answer: _AUSTRALOPITHECUS AFARENSIS_ (okay, sure, prompt on _LUCY_) Category: Economics/Business/Management --------------------------------------- Tossup: 22. Surprisingly, Kurt Wait of Redfield, California won the last one in 1996. Theodora Smafield of Michigan won the first one in 1949. Unfortunately, her entry would be ineligible for the million dollar grand prize in 1998, because although Green Giant vegetables, El Paso taco sauce and Progresso bread crumbs are still eligible products, the all-purpose flour she used in her No-Knead Water-Rising Twists is not. For ten points, name this now-biennial promotion, which offers a Whirlpool appliance makeover for the recipe judged 'most convenient.' Answer: The _PILLSBURY_ Quick and Easy _BAKE-OFF_ Contest Category: Literature not in the English Language ------------------------------------------------ Tossup: 23. The women seduced by the title character with the aid of his servant Koremitsu are all connected to powerful ministers, who give them artworks to tantalize the emperor, an art connoisseur. However, the aristocrat of the Fujiwara clan beats them all and wins the emperor's favour with the scrolls he painted during his banishment to Suma. For ten points, name this 54-chapter novel about the Heian imperial court, written by lady-in-waiting Murasaki Shikibu. Answer: The _TALE OF GENJI_ Category: Technology/Engineering -------------------------------- Tossup: 24. The new 1995 standard is compatible with the original 1983 standard designed by Jean Ichbiah, but also includes support for object-oriented programming, data-oriented synchronization, and realtime systems. Its name used to be a registered trademark, but in 1987 the government switched to a pentagonal symbol for validated compilers. For ten points, name this language used by the Defense Department whose name shouldn't be written in all caps because it's named for the world's first programmer. Answer: _ADA_ Category: World History 1950+ ----------------------------- *Tossup: 25. At Radcliffe in the early seventies her nickname was "Pinky." While she was there her father assumed control of his country, but in 1977 his government was overthrown by the military. When he was hanged on a charge of assassination in 1979, she became head of his political party. For ten points, who has since defied Muslim fundamentalists who think a woman has no place in national politics? Answer: Benazir _BHUTTO_